Staircase Calculator

Work out the number of risers, riser height, tread depth, stair length and angle for a straight staircase.

The horizontal depth from one step's nosing to the next.

Riser height
175 mm
Based on 2,800 mm and 16 risers
Tread depth
270 mm
Number of treads
15
Stair length
4.05 m
Stair angle
34.7°
Stringer length
4.92 m
Stair formula
620 mm ✓

Hover over a riser to see the dimensions for that exact step.

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More options

Alternatives with one riser more or fewer

Each alternative uses its own recommended tread depth (the 620 mm stair formula), not necessarily the tread depth you chose above.

Click a row to use that alternative in the calculator above.

RisersRiser heightRecommended treadLengthAngle

How to use the staircase calculator

  1. Measure the height from the finished floor at the bottom to the finished floor at the top.
  2. Enter the height.
  3. Choose the number of risers, or use the calculator's suggestion.
  4. Adjust the tread depth if needed.
  5. See the dimensions, angle and total space the staircase needs.

How the staircase is calculated

Riser height = total height ÷ number of risers
Number of treads = number of risers − 1
Total length = tread depth × number of treads
Stair formula = 2 × riser height + tread depth
Stringer length = √(height² + length²)
Angle = arctan(height ÷ length)

This calculator applies only to a straight staircase with a single continuous flight — not spiral staircases, turned staircases or staircases with landings. The result is a guide only and no substitute for proper structural design.

What is the stair formula?

A common rule of thumb for a comfortable staircase is that 2 × riser height + tread depth ≈ 620 mm. Norway's TEK17 building code guidance sets 620 mm ± 20 mm as a pre-accepted performance level for the ratio between riser height and tread depth, measured along the walking line. This is a Norwegian building-code requirement — other countries have their own rules and typically use a similar but not identical rule of thumb (often called Blondel's formula internationally), so always check the building code that applies where you live.

How many risers do I need?

The calculator suggests a number of risers based on a practical riser height of around 175 mm. With, say, 2,800 mm of height difference, that gives 2800 ÷ 16 ≈ 175 mm per riser. You can always adjust the number yourself — fewer risers give a taller, steeper staircase, more risers give a lower, gentler one.

How much space does the staircase need?

The total horizontal length depends heavily on the tread depth and the number of treads — a staircase with many, deep treads takes up much more floor space than a steep staircase with few, shallow treads. Use "More options" if you have a fixed available length to work within.

Note: Applies to Norway's TEK17 building code, in force since 1 July 2017. Stair formula 620 mm ± 20 mm, minimum tread depth 250 mm along the walking line, a landing is normally required above 3.3 m height difference. Applies only to a straight staircase with a single continuous flight — not spiral staircases, turned staircases or staircases with landings. Outside Norway, check your local building code instead.
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Frequently asked questions

How tall should a riser be?

The calculator uses roughly 175 mm as a practical starting point, but the right design must be assessed together with tread depth, staircase type and applicable requirements.

What is a tread depth?

The horizontal distance between two consecutive step noses.

What is the stair formula?

2 × riser height + tread depth ≈ 620 mm — a well-known measure of a comfortable staircase, used as a pre-accepted performance level in Norway's TEK17 guidance.

How many treads does a staircase with 16 risers have?

Normally 15, when the floor at the top serves as the final level.

How is the stair length calculated?

Tread depth × number of treads.

How is the stair angle calculated?

Arctan(total height ÷ total horizontal length).

How long does the stringer need to be?

Use the Pythagorean theorem: √(height² + horizontal length²). This is the geometric length from the start to the end of the staircase flight, and doesn't include extra material for cutting, fastening or other construction details.

Can I use the calculator as a basis for design/engineering?

No. The result is a guide only. Applicable building codes and other structural requirements must be checked for the specific staircase.

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